The dorsal roots are bundles of sensory nerve fibers that emerge from the spinal cord. They are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the central nervous system. Each dorsal root corresponds to a specific segment of the spinal cord and connects to sensory receptors in the skin, muscles, and organs. Located at the back of the spinal cord, the dorsal roots enter the spinal column and form part of the spinal nerves. These roots play a crucial role in the body's ability to perceive sensations such as touch, pain, and temperature, allowing for appropriate responses to environmental stimuli.