Desiccation tolerance is the ability of certain organisms to survive extreme dryness or dehydration. This adaptation allows them to endure conditions where water is scarce, such as in deserts or during droughts. Many plants, fungi, and some microorganisms, like tardigrades, exhibit this remarkable trait, enabling them to enter a dormant state until moisture returns. During desiccation, these organisms undergo physiological changes, such as the accumulation of protective proteins and sugars. These substances help stabilize cellular structures and prevent damage from dehydration. When water becomes available again, desiccation-tolerant organisms can rehydrate and resume normal metabolic functions, showcasing their resilience in harsh environments.