Desertification is the process by which fertile land becomes increasingly arid and unproductive, often due to factors like climate change, deforestation, and unsustainable agricultural practices. This phenomenon can lead to the loss of biodiversity and the displacement of communities that rely on the land for their livelihoods. As deserts expand, they can severely impact local ecosystems and contribute to global issues such as food insecurity and water scarcity. Efforts to combat desertification include sustainable land management practices and reforestation initiatives, which aim to restore the health of degraded lands and improve resilience against climate change.