Dendrochronology is the scientific method of dating tree rings to determine the age of trees and understand past climate conditions. Each year, trees produce a new layer of growth, creating distinct rings. By examining these rings, researchers can gather information about environmental changes, such as droughts or floods, that occurred during the tree's life. This technique is valuable for various fields, including archaeology, paleoclimatology, and forestry. By comparing tree ring patterns from different trees, scientists can create a chronological record that helps reconstruct historical events and climate variations over centuries or even millennia.