Democracy in Greece originated in the city-state of Athens around the 5th century BCE. It was a system where citizens participated directly in decision-making, rather than through elected representatives. This early form of democracy allowed free male citizens to vote on laws and policies in the Assembly, fostering civic engagement and public debate. The Athenian democracy was characterized by institutions like the Council of Five Hundred and the People's Court. However, it excluded women, slaves, and non-citizens from participation. Despite its limitations, this system laid the groundwork for modern democratic principles and has influenced political thought throughout history.