Defense Trade Controls are regulations that govern the export and import of defense-related articles and services. These controls are designed to ensure that sensitive military technology and information do not fall into the hands of unauthorized individuals or countries. They help maintain national security and support international peace by monitoring and restricting the trade of military equipment. In the United States, the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) and the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) are key frameworks for defense trade controls. These regulations require companies to obtain licenses before exporting defense items, ensuring compliance with national and international laws.