Czech nationalism is a political and cultural movement that seeks to promote the interests and identity of the Czech people. It emerged in the 19th century as a response to the dominance of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, advocating for greater autonomy and recognition of Czech language and culture. The movement played a significant role in the formation of Czechoslovakia in 1918, following World War I. Czech nationalism emphasizes pride in Czech history, traditions, and achievements, and has influenced various aspects of society, including politics, education, and the arts throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.