The Czech National Revival was a cultural and political movement in the 19th century aimed at reviving Czech language, literature, and national identity. It emerged during a time when the Czech lands were part of the Austrian Empire, and many Czechs sought to promote their heritage and resist Germanization. Key figures included Karel Havlíček Borovský and František Palacký, who played significant roles in advocating for Czech culture and history. This movement led to the establishment of various cultural institutions, such as the Czech National Museum and the Czech Academy of Sciences. It also inspired the creation of Czech literature, music, and theater, fostering a sense of national pride. The revival laid the groundwork for the eventual establishment of an independent Czechoslovakia in 1918.