Cumulative exams are assessments that cover material from an entire course or multiple units, rather than just the most recent topics. They are designed to evaluate a student's overall understanding and retention of the subject matter over time. These exams can help reinforce learning and identify areas where students may need additional review. Typically administered at the end of a semester or academic year, cumulative exams can take various forms, including multiple-choice questions, essays, or problem-solving tasks. They are commonly used in subjects like mathematics, science, and history to ensure that students have a comprehensive grasp of the content.