Cumania was a historical region inhabited by the Cumans, a nomadic Turkic people. They played a significant role in the medieval history of Eastern Europe, particularly during the 11th to 13th centuries. The Cumans were known for their horse-riding skills and often engaged in trade and warfare with neighboring states, including the Kievan Rus and the Mongol Empire. The territory of Cumania primarily covered parts of modern-day Ukraine and Kazakhstan. The Cumans established a confederation of tribes and were influential in the political landscape of the time. Their culture and language contributed to the diverse tapestry of the region before their eventual decline due to external pressures and assimilation.