Critical systems are essential components in various fields, including engineering, healthcare, and information technology. They are designed to perform vital functions that, if disrupted, could lead to significant consequences, such as loss of life, financial loss, or environmental damage. Examples include air traffic control systems, nuclear power plants, and emergency medical services. These systems require rigorous design, testing, and maintenance to ensure reliability and safety. They often incorporate redundancy, meaning multiple backups are in place to prevent failure. The goal is to minimize risks and ensure that critical operations continue smoothly, even in the face of unexpected challenges.