The Cretan Revolution refers to a series of uprisings on the island of Crete against Ottoman rule, primarily occurring in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The most significant revolts took place in 1866-1869 and 1897-1898, driven by the desire for autonomy and eventual union with Greece. These revolutions were marked by fierce battles and significant civilian involvement. The 1897 uprising led to international intervention, resulting in the establishment of a Cretan State under the protection of the Great Powers. This period ultimately paved the way for the island's unification with Greece in 1913, following the Balkan Wars.