Coral species are marine invertebrates that belong to the class Anthozoa. They typically form large colonies made up of individual polyps, which are small, soft-bodied organisms. Corals are primarily found in warm, shallow waters and play a crucial role in building coral reefs, which provide habitat for a diverse range of marine life. There are two main types of coral species: hard corals and soft corals. Hard corals, such as brain coral and staghorn coral, produce calcium carbonate skeletons that contribute to reef structure. Soft corals, like sea fans and sea whips, do not have a rigid skeleton and are more flexible, often swaying with ocean currents.