Hard corals, also known as stony corals, are marine animals that build calcium carbonate structures, forming the backbone of coral reefs. They have a rigid skeleton that provides support and protection, allowing them to thrive in various ocean environments. Hard corals are essential for creating habitats for many marine species. These corals are primarily composed of tiny polyps, which are small, soft-bodied organisms. Each polyp has a mouth surrounded by tentacles that capture food particles from the water. Hard corals play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity and protecting coastlines from erosion.