Contaminated soil refers to soil that has been polluted by harmful substances, such as heavy metals, chemicals, or waste materials. This pollution can occur from industrial activities, agricultural practices, or improper waste disposal. Contaminated soil can pose risks to human health, plants, and wildlife, as it may contain toxins that can leach into groundwater or be taken up by crops. Cleaning up contaminated soil is essential for environmental protection and public safety. Various methods, such as bioremediation and soil washing, are used to remove or neutralize pollutants. Organizations like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) often oversee these cleanup efforts to ensure that the soil is safe for use again.