Conceptual change refers to the process of revising or replacing existing beliefs and understandings with new, more accurate ones. This often occurs when individuals encounter information or experiences that challenge their current knowledge. For example, a student may initially believe that the Earth is flat but, through education and evidence, comes to understand that it is round. This process is essential in learning and development, as it helps individuals adapt their thinking to better align with reality. Conceptual change can be influenced by various factors, including instructional methods, peer discussions, and personal experiences, all of which can facilitate deeper understanding and cognitive growth.