Instructional methods refer to the various strategies and techniques used by educators to facilitate learning. These methods can include traditional lectures, hands-on activities, group discussions, and technology-based approaches. The choice of method often depends on the subject matter, the learning objectives, and the needs of the students. Different instructional methods aim to engage students and enhance their understanding of the material. For example, project-based learning encourages students to work on real-world problems, while cooperative learning promotes teamwork and communication skills. By using a mix of these methods, teachers can create a more dynamic and effective learning environment.