Cognitive phenomena refer to the various mental processes that influence how we think, learn, remember, and perceive the world around us. These processes include attention, memory, perception, reasoning, and problem-solving. Understanding cognitive phenomena helps researchers and psychologists explore how the mind works and how it affects behavior. Examples of cognitive phenomena include cognitive biases, which are systematic errors in thinking, and memory distortions, where recollections of events can be altered. Studying these phenomena can provide insights into human behavior and improve educational methods, mental health treatments, and decision-making strategies.