Coffea canephora, commonly known as Robusta coffee, is a species of coffee plant native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is known for its high caffeine content and robust flavor, making it a popular choice for espresso blends and instant coffee. The plant is hardier than its counterpart, Coffea arabica, and can thrive in lower altitudes and harsher growing conditions. Robusta coffee beans are generally smaller and rounder than Arabica beans, with a straighter crease on one side. They are often considered to have a stronger, more bitter taste, which can be attributed to their higher caffeine levels. This species accounts for about 30% of global coffee production, primarily grown in countries like Vietnam and Brazil.