Coal tar derivatives are chemical compounds derived from the distillation of coal tar, a thick black liquid produced during the carbonization of coal. These derivatives include a variety of substances, such as naphthalene, phenols, and aniline, which are used in various industrial applications, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. These compounds are valued for their unique properties, such as their ability to act as solvents or intermediates in chemical reactions. Additionally, some coal tar derivatives, like coal tar pitch, are used in the production of graphite and other materials, highlighting their importance in multiple sectors, including construction and manufacturing.