Phenols are a class of organic compounds characterized by a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon ring. They are commonly found in nature and can be derived from plants, where they often play a role in defense against pests and diseases. Phenols are known for their antiseptic properties and are used in various applications, including disinfectants and preservatives. In addition to their natural occurrence, phenols are important in the chemical industry. They serve as building blocks for the synthesis of various products, such as plastics, resins, and pharmaceuticals. Some well-known phenolic compounds include carbolic acid and bisphenol A, which have significant industrial and health implications.