The Cluniac reform movement began in the late 10th century in the monastery of Cluny, France. It aimed to restore the spiritual and moral integrity of monastic life by emphasizing strict adherence to the Rule of Saint Benedict. This movement sought to reduce secular influence over monasteries and promote a return to a more disciplined and prayer-focused lifestyle. Cluniac monasteries became centers of learning and culture, spreading their influence across Europe. The movement encouraged the establishment of numerous daughter houses, which followed the Cluniac model. This expansion played a significant role in the broader Gregorian Reform of the Church, which sought to address issues of corruption and lay investiture.