The Cluniac Order was a monastic reform movement that began in the late 10th century in Cluny, France. Founded by William of Aquitaine in 910, it aimed to restore the original principles of monastic life, emphasizing prayer, community living, and independence from local secular authorities. The order quickly gained popularity and established numerous monasteries across Europe. Cluniac monasteries were known for their elaborate liturgical practices and artistic achievements. The order played a significant role in the broader Benedictine tradition, promoting a return to strict adherence to the Rule of Saint Benedict. By the 12th century, the Cluniac Order had become one of the most influential monastic movements in medieval Europe.