The term "Cluniac" refers to a monastic reform movement that began in the late 10th century at the Cluny Abbey in France. This movement emphasized a return to strict adherence to the Rule of Saint Benedict, focusing on prayer, community life, and the pursuit of spiritual purity. Cluniac monasteries became influential centers of learning and culture throughout medieval Europe. Cluniac monks sought to improve the quality of monastic life and reduce corruption within the Church. They established a network of affiliated monasteries, promoting a unified approach to monasticism. The Cluniac movement played a significant role in shaping the religious landscape of the Middle Ages and influenced later reform movements, including the Cistercian order.