Clostridium difficile infection, often referred to as C. difficile infection, is a bacterial infection that affects the intestines. It typically occurs after the use of antibiotics, which can disrupt the normal balance of bacteria in the gut. Symptoms include severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. In some cases, it can lead to more serious complications, such as colitis. The infection is highly contagious and can spread in healthcare settings, such as hospitals and nursing homes. Treatment usually involves specific antibiotics that target C. difficile. Preventive measures include proper hand hygiene and cleaning surfaces to reduce the risk of transmission.