Clostridium is a genus of bacteria that are primarily anaerobic, meaning they thrive in environments without oxygen. These bacteria are known for their ability to form spores, which can survive extreme conditions. Some species of Clostridium are found in soil, while others are part of the normal flora in the intestines of humans and animals. Certain Clostridium species can cause diseases, such as Clostridium botulinum, which produces a potent toxin leading to botulism, and Clostridium difficile, associated with antibiotic-related diarrhea. Proper food handling and hygiene practices can help prevent infections caused by these bacteria.