Climate models are computer simulations that help scientists understand and predict how the Earth's climate will change over time. These models use mathematical equations to represent the interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, land, and ice. By inputting data about greenhouse gas emissions, solar radiation, and other factors, researchers can forecast future climate conditions. There are different types of climate models, including global climate models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs). GCMs provide a broad view of climate changes across the planet, while RCMs focus on specific areas, offering more detailed predictions. Together, they help inform policy decisions and climate adaptation strategies.