Climate change modeling involves using computer simulations to predict how the Earth's climate will change over time due to factors like greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation. These models analyze vast amounts of data, including temperature, precipitation, and sea level changes, to understand potential future scenarios. Scientists use different types of models, such as General Circulation Models (GCMs) and Earth System Models (ESMs), to simulate the interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, and land. By comparing model predictions with real-world observations, researchers can improve their understanding of climate dynamics and inform policy decisions aimed at mitigating the impacts of climate change.