Clay minerals are tiny, naturally occurring particles found in soil and rocks. They are formed from the weathering of larger minerals and are essential for various environmental processes. These minerals have a layered structure, which allows them to hold water and nutrients, making them crucial for plant growth. In addition to their role in agriculture, clay minerals are used in many industries. For example, they are key components in pottery and ceramics, as well as in the production of bricks and cement. Their unique properties also make them valuable in environmental remediation and industrial applications.