Circuit Board Assembly is the process of creating electronic circuits by connecting various components on a printed circuit board (PCB). This involves placing components like resistors, capacitors, and integrated circuits onto the board and soldering them in place to ensure proper electrical connections. The assembly can be done manually or through automated machines, depending on the complexity and volume of production. Quality control is essential during this process to ensure that the assembled circuit boards function correctly in their intended applications, such as in computers, smartphones, and other electronic devices.