Chromosome 10 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes found in humans. It is composed of about 135 million base pairs and contains approximately 1,000 genes. These genes are responsible for various functions, including the development of certain traits and the regulation of biological processes. This chromosome plays a role in several important health conditions, including cancer and diabetes. Specific genes on chromosome 10 are linked to neurofibromatosis type 2, a genetic disorder that can cause tumors to form on nerves. Understanding chromosome 10 helps researchers explore genetic influences on health and disease.