A chemical synapse is a specialized junction between two neurons that allows them to communicate. When an electrical signal, or action potential, reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters from vesicles into the synaptic cleft, the small gap between the neurons. These neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the surface of the receiving neuron, leading to a change in its electrical state. This process is essential for transmitting signals throughout the nervous system, influencing everything from muscle movement to mood regulation. Key components involved in this process include neurotransmitters, receptors, and synaptic cleft. The efficiency and strength of chemical synapses can also be modified, which is important for learning and memory.