Charles Edward Stuart, often known as "Bonnie Prince Charlie," was born in 1720 and was the grandson of James II of England. He is best known for leading the Jacobite uprising in 1745, which aimed to restore the Stuart monarchy to the British throne. His campaign initially saw success, capturing Edinburgh and winning the Battle of Prestonpans. However, the uprising ultimately failed after the disastrous Battle of Culloden in 1746. Following this defeat, Charles fled to France and lived in exile for many years. He died in 1788, leaving a legacy as a symbol of Scottish nationalism and the struggle for the throne.