The Cham civilization was an ancient culture that thrived in what is now central and southern Vietnam from the 2nd century to the 19th century. The Cham people were known for their advanced maritime trade, agriculture, and impressive temple architecture, particularly the My Son Sanctuary, which showcases their Hindu influences. The Cham were influenced by various cultures, including Indian and Khmer, and practiced a mix of Hinduism and Buddhism. Over time, their power declined due to invasions and the rise of the Vietnamese state, leading to the gradual assimilation of the Cham people into the broader Vietnamese culture.