Ceratocystis huliohia is a fungal pathogen primarily affecting Hawaiian trees, particularly Metrosideros polymorpha, commonly known as ʻōhiʻa lehua. This fungus is known for causing rapid tree decline and mortality, posing a significant threat to native forest ecosystems in Hawaii. The disease caused by Ceratocystis huliohia is characterized by symptoms such as leaf wilting, dieback, and dark streaks in the wood. It spreads through spores and can be transmitted by tools, animals, or water. Efforts are ongoing to manage and mitigate its impact on the unique flora of Hawaii.