Central cyanosis is a medical condition characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, primarily due to low levels of oxygen in the blood. This condition typically affects areas such as the lips and tongue, indicating that the oxygen saturation in the arterial blood is significantly reduced. Central cyanosis can be caused by various factors, including respiratory disorders, congenital heart defects, or severe anemia. Diagnosis of central cyanosis involves clinical examination and may require additional tests, such as pulse oximetry or arterial blood gas analysis. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause, which may involve oxygen therapy, medications, or surgical interventions, depending on the specific condition leading to the cyanosis.