Central cyanosis is a medical condition characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, particularly around the lips and tongue. This occurs when there is a significant decrease in the oxygen levels in the blood, often due to respiratory or cardiac issues. Conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or congenital heart defects can lead to central cyanosis. Unlike peripheral cyanosis, which affects the extremities, central cyanosis indicates a systemic problem with oxygenation. It is important to identify the underlying cause to provide appropriate treatment. Monitoring oxygen saturation levels and assessing respiratory function are crucial in managing this condition.