Central American Independence refers to the process by which the countries of Central America gained freedom from Spanish colonial rule in the early 19th century. This movement began in 1821 when Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica declared their independence on September 15. The struggle for autonomy was influenced by broader movements in Latin America and the desire for self-governance. Following their declaration, the region faced political instability and conflicts over governance. In 1823, the newly independent states formed the United Provinces of Central America, but this union dissolved by 1838, leading to the establishment of individual nations. Each country continued to navigate its path toward stability and sovereignty.