The Central African Kingdoms refer to a collection of powerful states that emerged in the region, particularly during the medieval period. Notable kingdoms include the Kingdom of Kongo, Luba Empire, and Lunda Empire. These kingdoms were characterized by complex political structures, trade networks, and rich cultural traditions. These kingdoms often engaged in trade with European powers and neighboring regions, exchanging goods like ivory, copper, and slaves. The Kingdom of Kongo, for instance, established diplomatic relations with Portugal in the late 15th century, which significantly influenced its political landscape and culture.