The Census of Population and Housing is a comprehensive survey conducted by the government to collect data about the people living in a specific area and the characteristics of their homes. This information helps in understanding demographic trends, such as age, gender, and ethnicity, as well as housing conditions, like the number of rooms and access to utilities. The data gathered from the census is crucial for planning public services, such as schools and hospitals, and for allocating government funding. It also assists researchers, businesses, and policymakers in making informed decisions that affect communities and their development.