The Cenozoic Era is the most recent geological era, spanning from about 66 million years ago to the present. It follows the Mesozoic Era and is characterized by significant changes in climate and the evolution of mammals and birds. This era is divided into three periods: the Paleogene, Neogene, and Quaternary. During the Cenozoic, the continents moved to their current positions, and diverse ecosystems developed. The era saw the rise of many modern species, including humans, and significant events like the Ice Ages. The Cenozoic continues to shape the Earth's environment and biodiversity today.