Cell viability refers to the ability of cells to survive and function effectively. It is a crucial measure in biological research and medicine, indicating the health and status of cells in various conditions. Scientists often assess cell viability to understand the effects of drugs, toxins, or environmental changes on cell health. To evaluate cell viability, researchers commonly use assays that measure metabolic activity, membrane integrity, or the ability to proliferate. These tests help determine how many cells are alive and functioning compared to those that are dead or damaged, providing insights into cellular responses and potential treatments.