Catherine de Medici was an influential queen consort of France during the 16th century. Born in 1519 in Italy, she married King Henry II of France and became the mother of three kings: Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III. Catherine played a significant role in French politics, especially during the French Wars of Religion. As a patron of the arts, Catherine helped to promote the Renaissance in France, supporting artists and architects. She is also known for her involvement in the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre, a tragic event that marked a turning point in the religious conflicts of her time.