A catapult is a device used to launch projectiles at a target. It operates by storing potential energy, which is then converted into kinetic energy to propel the object. Catapults have been used throughout history in warfare and for various engineering purposes, often designed to hurl stones, arrows, or other materials. There are several types of catapults, including the trebuchet, ballista, and onager. Each type has its own mechanism and design, but they all share the common goal of launching objects over a distance. Catapults played a significant role in medieval sieges and are still studied for their engineering principles today.