The Catalan Independence Movement is a political and social campaign advocating for the independence of Catalonia, a region in northeastern Spain. Catalonia has its own distinct language, culture, and history, which many residents feel justifies their desire for self-governance. The movement gained significant momentum in the early 21st century, particularly after the 2006 Statute of Autonomy, which many Catalans believed did not grant sufficient powers. In 2017, the movement reached a peak with a controversial independence referendum, which the Spanish government deemed illegal. Despite the government's opposition, many Catalans participated, leading to a declaration of independence that was not recognized internationally. The movement continues to influence politics in both Catalonia and Spain.