Basque Nationalism is a political and cultural movement that seeks to promote the identity, language, and rights of the Basque people, who inhabit regions in northern Spain and southwestern France. It emphasizes the uniqueness of the Basque culture, including its distinct language, Euskara, and aims for greater autonomy or independence from the central governments of Spain and France. The movement has historical roots dating back to the late 19th century and has evolved through various political parties, such as the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV). While some supporters advocate for complete independence, others seek enhanced self-governance within existing national frameworks.