Castle fortifications were designed to protect inhabitants from attacks. They typically included thick stone walls, towers, and a moat. The walls were often high and sloped, making it difficult for enemies to scale them. Towers provided vantage points for archers and lookouts, enhancing the castle's defensive capabilities. In addition to physical barriers, castles featured gates and drawbridges for controlled access. Some fortifications included a keep, which served as the last line of defense during a siege. Overall, these structures were strategically built to withstand assaults and ensure the safety of those inside, reflecting the importance of security in medieval times.