A caste is a social stratification system that divides people into hierarchical groups based on factors like occupation, social status, and family lineage. This system is most commonly associated with India, where it has historically influenced various aspects of life, including marriage, education, and employment. Castes are often categorized into four main groups, known as varnas, which include Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras. In addition to the four varnas, there are numerous sub-castes, or jatis, that further define social roles and relationships. The caste system has been a subject of significant social reform and legal changes, particularly with the introduction of affirmative action policies aimed at improving the status of historically marginalized groups, such as the Dalits.