Carrion's disease is an infectious illness caused by the bacterium Bartonella bacilliformis. It primarily affects individuals in the Andean regions of South America, particularly in Peru and Ecuador. The disease has two phases: the acute phase, known as Oroya fever, which presents with high fever and severe anemia, and the chronic phase, called verruga peruana, characterized by skin lesions. Transmission occurs through the bite of infected sandflies, which are prevalent in rural areas. Diagnosis is typically made through blood tests, and treatment involves antibiotics such as rifampicin or azithromycin. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.