Carl Gustav Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. He introduced concepts such as the collective unconscious, archetypes, and individuation, which explore how shared human experiences shape our thoughts and behaviors. Jung's work emphasized the importance of personal growth and self-discovery. Jung also studied dream analysis and the significance of symbols in understanding the psyche. He believed that exploring the unconscious mind could lead to greater self-awareness and healing. His ideas have influenced various fields, including psychology, literature, and art, making him a key figure in modern psychological thought.